Cause and effect diagram definition
/What is a Cause and Effect Diagram?
A cause-and-effect diagram is a visual layout of the possible causes of a problem. It is structured to show a number of branches, and so looks somewhat like a fish skeleton (hence its alternate name of fishbone diagram). The diagram begins with a single line, at the end of which is stated the problem to be solved. Then a number of branches are added that denote the general areas in which the causes of problems may be found. The generic headings most commonly used for these problem areas are methods (procedures), machines (equipment), people, materials, measurement, and environment.
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With this basic structure in place, a facilitator then collects possible causes from the team assigned to the problem, and writes them into the diagram. The outcome is a diagram similar to the following sample. This approach does a good job of organizing information about the causes of a problem.
Advantages of a Cause and Effect Diagram
The key advantage of a cause and effect diagram is that it directs the attention of the analyzing group in a structured manner. This makes problem analysis much more efficient. In addition, the use of a diagram layout makes it easier to view a complicated situation, which can clarify any relationships that may exist between the highlighted items.
Disadvantages of a Cause and Effect Diagram
There are several disadvantages to the use of cause and effect diagrams. First, they can be exceedingly complex, making them difficult to read. Second, they display too many issues, resulting in project teams spreading their resources over too many solutions. And third, the brainstorming process used to create a cause and effect diagram can result in lots of irrelevant issues that should not be included in the diagram.